2021 BECE SOCIAL STUDIES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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Solutions to Question 3

3a. i. Respect for other cultures 

ii. Encouraging ethic marriages 

iii. Public education 

iv. Being patriotic and development conscious 

v. Valuing peace and stability

3b)

Negative effects of colonialism in Africa

1. Economic dependence and exploitation: In as much that the colonialism brought development into Africa, it was also a form of exploitation too. The idea of colonialism was introduced to make Africa forever dependent on the colonial masters. They took all the wealth and resources of Africa to their own country. During the time of colonialism, people were highly taxed by the colonial Masters so as to generate funds to make their plans of colonization successful.

Coupled with that, the colonial masters made sure that they were in charge of all the metropolitan industries, thus making Africans economically dependent on the colonizers.

2. It created the problem of disunity: Another negative effect of colonialism in Africa was the disunity which it brought. Take for instance, in Nigeria today, it is argued that colonialism is responsible for the religious and tribal disunity in the country. This was as a result of the merging of all the regions in 1912 by lord Lugard.

Accordingly, the difference countries which colonized Africa also caused disunity in some way. It divided Africa into French speaking countries and English speaking countries and that is one of the major problems of the Economic Commission of West Africa States (ECOWAS).

3. Cultural imperialism: Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart has already said much on this. From that book, we could see how the colonial masters treated African culture as inferior and theirs as superior. They disregarded African culture, changed anything that wasn’t in their favor and made gullible African to see the new culture as the best. The local language of Africans, religions, names, education, dress, music, sport etc were replaced with foreign ones.

4. High level of slave trade, deportation and humiliation of Africans: With the introduction of colonialism, the idea of slave trade was introduced in Africa. In fact, it was actually practiced by the colonial Masters because they were the ones in need of slaves then. This negative effect of colonialism reduced the number of able-bodied men in Africa.